| Analysis of Clavicular Periosteal Hemorrhages at the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Origin in Hanging. |
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Hyoung Joong Kim, Yu Hoon Kim, Soong Deok Lee, Seong Ho Yoo |
1Division of Forensic Medicine, National Institute of Scientific Investigation, Seoul, Korea.
2Department of Forensic Medicine and Institute of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. yoosh@snu.ac.kr |
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| Abstract |
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To evaluate the significance of clavicular periosteal hemorrhage at the sternocleidomastoid muscle origin in hangings, we performed prospective analysis on 62 hanging cases. Periosteal hemorrhages were observed in 40 of 62 (64.5%) hanging cases. Periosteal hemorrhages were found in only one or both at the origin site of the sternocleidomastoid muscle; 4, left; 14, right; 22 both clavicles. The analysis based on the hanging types showed that 13 cases were typical/complete hangings and 15, typical/incomplete, 12, atypical/complete, and 22, atypical/incomplete. Of 40 hemorrhage-cases, 19 cases had the hyoid bone and/or thyroid cartilage fractures. Although no statistical significance was observed between the periosteal hemorrhages and the knot locations, or the types of hanging, or the type of knot, hyoid bone and/or thyroid cartilage fractures was significantly correlated with the hemorrhage. We also analyzed 10 cases of manual and ligature strangulation. In only one of 10 cases, periosteal hemorrhage at both clavicles was observed. Compared with other inner cervical injuries in hangings, periosteal hemorrhage is the most common findings of inner neck lesion. Therefore, clavicular periosteal hemorrhage could be auxiliary feature in diagnosis and interpretation of hanging cases. |
| Key Words:
hanging, clavicular, periosteal, hemorrhage, sternocleidomastoid, muscle |
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